Building surveys and defect diagnoses typically reveal defects that can turn a good property deal into a costly headache if overlooked. A full survey identifies structural issues, roof damage, dampness, old electrics, and more; all things likely to cost thousands in repairs.
External research supports this: according to data from Peer King Surveyors based on recent RICS‑regulated surveys, defects like damp, roof problems, and structural movement are among the problems that most often lead to surprise costs for homeowners.
For example, according to Nuven Surveyors, roof repairs alone can cost over £10,000 in older or poorly maintained properties. A qualified surveyor won’t just spot these issues; they assess their severity.
They check where leaks may be happening, examine cracks to see if they indicate subsidence, inspect roofing and flashing for vulnerabilities, and look for signs of timber decay or mold. This gives you clarity, not just what is wrong, but how urgently each issue needs attention.
Lloyd Dixon Group is an experienced team of property surveyors in London, Radlett and Hertfordshire. To get a quote or speak to us, please call 075 95 534 101.
1. Damp and Moisture Ingress
Damp is one of the most frequently reported issues in property surveys. It may present visibly as staining or bubbling paint , or be hidden within walls, floors, or roof spaces.
Common forms of damp include:
- Rising damp – caused by moisture moving up through ground-floor walls
- Penetrating damp – from leaks in walls or roofs
- Condensation – often due to poor insulation or inadequate ventilation
Damp not only damages a building’s structure over time but also creates health risks, especially in poorly ventilated areas.
2. Roofing Defects
The roof is one of the most critical parts of any home , and one of the most expensive to repair.
Building surveys frequently highlight:
- Missing, slipped or broken roof tiles
- Sagging or bowed roof timbers
- Poor flashing around chimneys
- Inadequate insulation or ventilation
- Guttering problems causing water ingress
Even minor roofing issues can lead to significant long-term problems if left unresolved.
3. Timber Decay and Rot
Surveyors often detect timber damage in lofts, floor voids, and other less visible areas.
Key concerns include:
- Wet rot – caused by excessive moisture, typically from leaks
- Dry rot – a fast-spreading fungal decay, particularly destructive
- Woodworm or insect infestation – which weakens structural timber over time
These issues can compromise safety and require specialist treatment.
4. Structural Movement
Cracks in walls or floors can indicate more than cosmetic damage. In some cases, they’re signs of subsidence, settlement, or structural instability.
Surveyors may report:
- Diagonal or stepped cracking around windows or doors
- Uneven floors or sloping ceilings
- Bowing walls or leaning chimney stacks
Where significant movement is suspected, a structural engineer may be recommended.
5. Plumbing and Drainage Issues
Drainage problems can lead to damp, foul smells, or damage to foundations. A building survey might reveal:
- Blocked or broken drains
- Signs of historical leaks
- Poor pipework or connections
- Surface water pooling near the property
While internal plumbing isn’t fully tested in standard surveys, visual checks can uncover evidence of risk.
6. Poor Maintenance and General Wear
Older properties, or those poorly looked after, may show widespread wear and tear. This can signal deeper problems or future expense.
Examples include:
- Cracked rendering or brickwork
- Damaged pointing or mortar
- Rotten window frames or fascias
- Peeling paint or internal mould spots
Summary of Common Defects Found in Surveys
| Defect Type | Typical Issues Identified |
| Damp & Moisture | Rising damp, condensation, penetrating damp |
| Roof Problems | Missing tiles, sagging timbers, leaks, poor flashing |
| Timber Issues | Wet/dry rot, woodworm, joist damage |
| Structural Movement | Subsidence, cracks, leaning walls, misaligned openings |
| Drainage & Plumbing | Blocked drains, leaking pipes, surface water issues |
| General Maintenance | Crumbling mortar, rotten windows, external/internal decay |
Why spotting defects early matters
Commissioning a full survey isn’t just about avoiding nasty surprises. It helps buyers:
- Budget for repairs or renovations
- Renegotiate the purchase price if needed
- Walk away from risky investments
- Prioritise safety and compliance issues
- Secure insurance or lending where necessary
In short, it’s about buying with eyes wide open.
See More:
What should be included in a property survey report?
Is a property survey different from a property valuation?
Not sure which survey is right for you? Contact us today for a free consultation and we’ll help you make the best choice.